B. Zhang and C. Liang, "High-Order Numerical Simulation of Flapping Wing for Energy Harvesting", AIAA Paper, 2019-3338, June, 2019.
doi:10.2514/6.2019-3338
Flow field when heaving leads pitching with a phase angle ϕ=0∘
Flow field when heaving leads pitching with a phase angle ϕ=30∘
Flow field when heaving leads pitching with a phase angle ϕ=60∘
Flow field when heaving leads pitching with a phase angle ϕ=90∘
Flow field when heaving leads pitching with a phase angle ϕ=120∘
Flow field when heaving leads pitching with a phase angle ϕ=150∘
Flow field when heaving leads pitching with a phase angle ϕ=180∘